package filmgrain

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"math"
	"strings"
)

func CreatePhotonNoiseTable(width, height int, iso float64, transferFunction *TransferFunction) ([]byte, error) {
	if transferFunction == nil {
		return nil, errors.New("unknown transfer function")
	}

	// Assumes a daylight-like spectrum.
	// https://www.strollswithmydog.com/effective-quantum-efficiency-of-sensor/#:~:text=11%2C260%20photons/um%5E2/lx-s
	const kPhotonsPerLxSPerUm2 = 11260

	// Order of magnitude for cameras in the 2010-2020 decade, taking the CFA into
	// account.
	const kEffectiveQuantumEfficiency = 0.20

	// Also reasonable values for current cameras. The read noise is typically
	// higher than this at low ISO settings but it matters less there.
	const kPhotoResponseNonUniformity = 0.005
	const kInputReferredReadNoise = 1.5

	// Focal plane exposure for a mid-tone (typically a 18% reflectance card), in
	// lx·s.
	midToneExposure := 10 / float64(iso)

	// In microns. Assumes a 35mm sensor (36mm × 24mm).
	pixelAreaUm2 := float64((36000 * 24000) / (width * height))

	midToneElectronsPerPixel := kEffectiveQuantumEfficiency *
		kPhotonsPerLxSPerUm2 *
		midToneExposure * pixelAreaUm2
	maxElectronsPerPixel :=
		midToneElectronsPerPixel / transferFunction.MidTone

	var filmGrain struct {

		// 8 bit values
		scalingPointsY [14][2]int
		numYPoints     int // value: 0..14

		// 8 bit values
		scalingPointsCb [10][2]int
		numCbPoints     int // value: 0..10

		// 8 bit values
		scalingPointsCr [10][2]int
		numCrPoints     int // value: 0..10

		arCoeffLag int // values:  0..3

		// 8 bit values
		arCoeffsY  [24]int
		arCoeffsCb [25]int
		arCoeffsCr [25]int
	}

	filmGrain.numYPoints = 14
	filmGrain.numCbPoints = 0
	filmGrain.numCrPoints = 0
	filmGrain.arCoeffLag = 0

	for i := 0; i < filmGrain.numYPoints; i++ {
		x := float64(i) / float64(filmGrain.numYPoints-1)
		linear := transferFunction.ToLinear(x)
		electronsPerPixel := maxElectronsPerPixel * linear
		// Quadrature sum of the relevant sources of noise, in electrons rms. Photon
		// shot noise is math.Sqrt(electrons) so we can skip the square root and the
		// squaring.
		// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addition_in_quadrature
		// https://doi.org/10.1117/3.725073
		noiseInElectrons :=
			math.Sqrt(kInputReferredReadNoise*kInputReferredReadNoise +
				electronsPerPixel +
				(kPhotoResponseNonUniformity * kPhotoResponseNonUniformity *
					electronsPerPixel * electronsPerPixel))
		linearNoise := noiseInElectrons / maxElectronsPerPixel
		linearRangeStart := max(0., linear-2*linearNoise)
		linearRangeEnd := min(1., linear+2*linearNoise)
		tfSlope :=
			(transferFunction.FromLinear(linearRangeEnd) -
				transferFunction.FromLinear(
					linearRangeStart)) /
				(linearRangeEnd - linearRangeStart)
		encodedNoise := linearNoise * tfSlope

		x = math.Round(255 * x)
		encodedNoise = min(255., math.Round(255*7.88*encodedNoise))

		filmGrain.scalingPointsY[i][0] = int(x)
		filmGrain.scalingPointsY[i][1] = int(encodedNoise)
	}

	var lines []string
	lines = append(lines, "filmgrn1")
	lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("E %d %d %d %d %d", 0 /*start_time*/, math.MaxInt64 /*end_time*/, 1 /*apply_grain*/, 7391 /*seed*/, 1 /*update_parameters*/))
	lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("\tp %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d %d",
		0 /*ar_coeff_lag*/, 6 /*ar_coeff_shift*/, 0, /*grain_scale_shift*/
		8 /*scaling_shift*/, 0, /*chroma_scaling_from_luma*/
		1 /*overlap_flag*/, 0 /*cb_mult*/, 0, /*cb_luma_mult*/
		0 /*cb_offset*/, 0 /*cr_mult*/, 0, /*cr_luma_mult*/
		0 /*cr_offset*/))

	{
		line := fmt.Sprintf("\tsY %d ", filmGrain.numYPoints)
		for i := 0; i < filmGrain.numYPoints; i++ {
			line += fmt.Sprintf(" %d %d", filmGrain.scalingPointsY[i][0],
				filmGrain.scalingPointsY[i][1])
		}
		lines = append(lines, line)
	}

	{
		line := fmt.Sprintf("\tsCb %d", filmGrain.numCbPoints)
		for i := 0; i < filmGrain.numCbPoints; i++ {
			line += fmt.Sprintf(" %d %d", filmGrain.scalingPointsCb[i][0],
				filmGrain.scalingPointsCb[i][1])
		}
		lines = append(lines, line)
	}

	{
		line := fmt.Sprintf("\tsCr %d", filmGrain.numCrPoints)
		for i := 0; i < filmGrain.numCrPoints; i++ {
			line += fmt.Sprintf(" %d %d", filmGrain.scalingPointsCr[i][0],
				filmGrain.scalingPointsCr[i][1])
		}
		lines = append(lines, line)
	}

	n := 2 * filmGrain.arCoeffLag * (filmGrain.arCoeffLag + 1)
	{
		line := "\tcY"
		for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
			line += fmt.Sprintf(" %d", filmGrain.arCoeffsY[i])
		}
		lines = append(lines, line)
	}
	{
		line := "\tcCb"
		for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
			line += fmt.Sprintf(" %d", filmGrain.arCoeffsCb[i])
		}
		lines = append(lines, line)
	}
	{
		line := "\tcCr"
		for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
			line += fmt.Sprintf(" %d", filmGrain.arCoeffsCr[i])
		}
		lines = append(lines, line)
	}

	return []byte(strings.Join(lines, "\n") + "\n"), nil
}